Thamani ya lishe na muundo wa kemikali.
| Lishe | wingi | Kawaida ** | % ya kawaida katika 100 g | % ya kawaida katika 100 kcal | 100% ya kawaida |
| Thamani ya kalori | Kpi 250 | Kpi 1684 | 14.8% | 5.9% | 674 g |
| Protini | 2.4 g | 76 g | 3.2% | 1.3% | 3167 g |
| Mafuta | 25 g | 56 g | 44.6% | 17.8% | 224 g |
| Wanga | 3.2 g | 219 g | 1.5% | 0.6% | 6844 g |
| asidi za kikaboni | 0.7 g | ~ | |||
| Maji | 68.2 g | 2273 g | 3% | 1.2% | 3333 g |
| Ash | 0.5 g | ~ | |||
| vitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | 183 μg | 900 μg | 20.3% | 8.1% | 492 g |
| Retinol | 0.17 mg | ~ | |||
| beta carotenes | 0.08 mg | 5 mg | 1.6% | 0.6% | 6250 g |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.02 mg | 1.5 mg | 1.3% | 0.5% | 7500 g |
| Vitamini B2, riboflauini | 0.11 mg | 1.8 mg | 6.1% | 2.4% | 1636 g |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 124 mg | 500 mg | 24.8% | 9.9% | 403 g |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.3 mg | 5 mg | 6% | 2.4% | 1667 g |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.07 mg | 2 mg | 3.5% | 1.4% | 2857 g |
| Vitamini B9, folate | 8.5 μg | 400 μg | 2.1% | 0.8% | 4706 g |
| Vitamini B12, cobalamin | 0.36 μg | 3 μg | 12% | 4.8% | 833 g |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 0.3 mg | 90 mg | 0.3% | 0.1% | 30000 g |
| Vitamini D, calciferol | 0.135 μg | 10 μg | 1.4% | 0.6% | 7407 g |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.6 mg | 15 mg | 4% | 1.6% | 2500 g |
| Vitamini H, biotini | 3.6 μg | 50 μg | 7.2% | 2.9% | 1389 g |
| Vitamini K, phylloquinone | 1.94 μg | 120 μg | 1.6% | 0.6% | 6186 g |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 0.6 mg | 20 mg | 3% | 1.2% | 3333 g |
| niacin | 0.1 mg | ~ | |||
| macronutrients | |||||
| Potasiamu, K | 100 mg | 2500 mg | 4% | 1.6% | 2500 g |
| Kalsiamu, Ca | 84 mg | 1000 mg | 8.4% | 3.4% | 1190 g |
| Magnesiamu, Mg | 8 mg | 400 mg | 2% | 0.8% | 5000 g |
| Sodiamu, Na | 35 mg | 1300 mg | 2.7% | 1.1% | 3714 g |
| Sulphur, S | 24 mg | 1000 mg | 2.4% | 1% | 4167 g |
| Fosforasi, P | 60 mg | 800 mg | 7.5% | 3% | 1333 g |
| Klorini, Cl | 61 mg | 2300 mg | 2.7% | 1.1% | 3770 g |
| Fuatilia Vipengee | |||||
| Chuma, Fe | 0.3 mg | 18 mg | 1.7% | 0.7% | 6000 g |
| Iodini, mimi | 7 μg | 150 μg | 4.7% | 1.9% | 2143 g |
| Cobalt, Kampuni | 0.3 μg | 10 μg | 3% | 1.2% | 3333 g |
| Manganese, Mh | 0.003 mg | 2 mg | 0.2% | 0.1% | 66667 g |
| Shaba, Cu | 20 μg | 1000 μg | 2% | 0.8% | 5000 g |
| Molybdenum, Mo. | 5 μg | 70 μg | 7.1% | 2.8% | 1400 g |
| Selenium, Ikiwa | 0.3 μg | 55 μg | 0.5% | 0.2% | 18333 g |
| Fluorini, F | 14 μg | 4000 μg | 0.4% | 0.2% | 28571 g |
| Zinki, Zn | 0.24 mg | 12 mg | 2% | 0.8% | 5000 g |
| Wanga wanga | |||||
| Mono- na disaccharides (sukari) | 3.2 g | upeo 100 г | |||
| Steteroli | |||||
| Cholesterol | 108 mg | upeo wa 300 mg | |||
| Asidi zilizojaa mafuta | |||||
| Asidi zilizojaa mafuta | 14.9 g | upeo 18.7 г | |||
| Asidi ya mafuta ya monounsaturated | 7.58 g | dakika 16.8 г | 45.1% | 18% | |
| Asidi ya mafuta ya polyunsaturated | 1.17 g | kutoka kwa 11.2 20.6 | 10.4% | 4.2% | |
| Omega-3 fatty | 0.225 g | kutoka kwa 0.9 3.7 | 25% | 10% | |
| Omega-6 fatty | 0.95 g | kutoka kwa 4.7 16.8 | 20.2% | 8.1% |
Thamani ya nishati ni 250 kcal.
- Kioo 250 ml = 250 gr (625 kcal)
- Kioo 200 ml = 200 gr (500 kcal)
- Kijiko kijiko ("juu" isipokuwa vyakula vya kioevu) = 20 g (50 kcal)
- Kijiko cha chai ("juu" isipokuwa vyakula vya kioevu) = 9 g (22.5 kcal)
- Vitamini A inawajibika kwa maendeleo ya kawaida, kazi ya uzazi, afya ya ngozi na macho, na kudumisha kinga.
- Mchanganyiko ni sehemu ya lecithin, ina jukumu katika usanisi na umetaboli wa phospholipids kwenye ini, ni chanzo cha vikundi vya methyl bure, hufanya kama sababu ya lipotropic.
- Vitamini B12 ina jukumu muhimu katika kimetaboliki na ubadilishaji wa asidi ya amino. Folate na vitamini B12 ni vitamini vinavyohusiana na vinahusika katika malezi ya damu. Ukosefu wa vitamini B12 husababisha ukuzaji wa upungufu wa sehemu au sekondari ya folate, pamoja na upungufu wa damu, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
Thamani ya nishati, au maudhui ya kalori Ni kiasi cha nishati iliyotolewa katika mwili wa binadamu kutoka kwa chakula wakati wa digestion. Thamani ya nishati ya bidhaa hupimwa kwa kilo-kalori (kcal) au kilo-joules (kJ) kwa gramu 100. bidhaa. Kilocalorie inayotumiwa kupima thamani ya nishati ya chakula pia inaitwa "kalori ya chakula," kwa hivyo kiambishi awali cha kilo mara nyingi huachwa wakati wa kutaja kalori katika (kilo) kalori. Unaweza kuona meza za kina za nishati kwa bidhaa za Kirusi.
Thamani ya lishe - yaliyomo kwenye wanga, mafuta na protini kwenye bidhaa.
Thamani ya lishe ya bidhaa ya chakula - seti ya mali ya bidhaa ya chakula, mbele ya ambayo mahitaji ya kisaikolojia ya mtu kwa vitu muhimu na nishati yameridhika.
vitamini, vitu vya kikaboni vinahitajika kwa idadi ndogo katika lishe ya wanadamu na wenye uti wa mgongo wengi. Vitamini kawaida hutengenezwa na mimea badala ya wanyama. Mahitaji ya kila siku ya binadamu ya vitamini ni miligramu chache tu au mikrogramu. Tofauti na vitu visivyo vya kawaida, vitamini huharibiwa na joto kali. Vitamini vingi havina msimamo na "hupotea" wakati wa kupikia au usindikaji wa chakula.